A deck or porch is an extension of your home, a space where you can entertain, relax, and enjoy the outdoors. When it comes to designing and building, there are several factors to consider, from material choices to structural design. At DeCarli Contractors, we’re always ready to offer practical advice, so let’s have a look at what you need to know before planning your project.
Wood vs. composite: what’s the right material?
The material you choose for your deck or porch affects everything from maintenance to longevity and aesthetics. Here are the main choices:
- Wood The traditional choice, wood offers natural beauty and a warm, classic look. White cedar and pressure-treated lumber are popular. Cedar is naturally resistant to rot and insects, while pressure-treated spruce is chemically treated to increase durability and resistance to rot. Other woods, such as Western Red Cedar, are also attractive options. However, without regular maintenance—staining or sealing—wood will eventually weather and decay.
- Composite decking Composite decking has gained popularity for its low maintenance, longevity and (better and better) looks. Unlike wood, it doesn’t require staining or sealing, and resists moisture, rot and fading. However, composite can get hotter in direct sunlight, costs more, and doesn’t biodegrade. Costwise, long-term savings on maintenance and product life often tips the balance in favour of composite.
If you love the natural look of wood and don’t mind the upkeep, it’s a solid choice. If you’re looking for durability with minimal maintenance, composite might be the better fit.
Covered decks: is it worth it?
A covered deck or porch extends your outdoor season and provides shelter from the elements. Whether it’s a fully-roofed porch or a pergola-style cover, there are a few factors to consider:
- Functionality: A roofed structure offers shade in summer and protection from rain, making your outdoor space more usable. It also helps preserve deck materials by shielding them from sun and moisture.
- Structural considerations: Adding a roof increases the load on your deck, which means posts and footings need to be engineered accordingly. If you’re retrofitting a cover onto an existing deck, reinforcement may be required. Also consider the forces exerted upon it by strong winds.
- Integration with your home: A covered deck or porch should complement your home’s design. The right roof style, materials, and posts ensure it looks like a natural extension rather than an afterthought.
Balustrades: traditional rails or glass panels?
Balustrades (railings) are a crucial part of your deck’s safety and aesthetics. The two most common choices are traditional post-and-rail systems, and glass panels.
- Traditional balustrades (or pickets) consist of vertical wood, metal or vinyl pieces tied into a railing. Different styles offer a classic look and a defined boundary. Wood or metal railings can complement your home’s architecture and provide a sturdy, affordable option.
- Glass panels offer a modern, open feel, maximizing views and making smaller decks feel more spacious. They constitute a pricier option and may also require cleaning to keep them looking clear.
Both options meet Ontario’s safety standards when built correctly, so the decision comes down to style and maintenance preferences.
Posts versus cantilevered decks
The way your deck is supported impacts both its durability and aesthetics. For most decks, a post-supported design is the most practical and versatile option. This method uses vertical posts to support the structure. It is straightforward and cost-effective. It works as well for elevated decks and porches as just-above-ground level, and allows for future modifications like enclosing the space or adding storage beneath.
Cantilevered decks extend outward from the home’s structure, supported by joists that run back into the house. This design creates a clean, open look without visible supports underneath. It can be quite striking. Cantilevering has strict limitations, however—only a certain percentage of the joist length can extend beyond the main structure, and it requires a well-planned load distribution.
For most decks, a post-supported design is the most practical and versatile option. Cantilevering can be ideal for smaller overhangs or specific design goals, but requires careful structural consideration.
Ontario Building Code, decks and porches
To comply with the Ontario Building Code (OBC), decks and porches in Ontario must meet certain standards. Here are the key ones to keep in mind:
- Permit requirements If your deck is more than 24 inches above ground, you need a permit. Even for lower decks, a permit might be required depending on your municipality and whether the deck is attached to your home.
- Footings and support Deck footings must extend at least 4 feet below grade to prevent movement from frost. The OBC also specifies minimum sizes for beams, joists, and ledger board attachment methods to ensure structural integrity.
- Guardrails and handrails Decks over 24 inches in height must have a guardrail. The required height is 36 inches for decks under 4 feet and 42 inches for taller decks. If stairs have more than three risers, a handrail is mandatory.
- Zoning setbacks Your deck must comply with municipal setback requirements, meaning it can’t be built too close to property lines or easements. Always check with your local building department before finalizing your plans.
Building correctly for form and function
A well-designed deck or porch is often part of a well-designed house. Both look great, perform well and are built to last. At DeCarli Contractors, we build decks and porches the same way that we build homes, cottages and major additions: by discussing the various options with you, settling on a plan, providing a detailed estimate and timeline, and executing flawlessly. With expert craftsmanship and a deep understanding of Ontario’s building regulations, we can help you create a space that’s built to last.
Would you like to learn more? We would love to discuss your ambitions with you. Please get in touch at your convenience.
